M. Studeny, J. Vomlel, R. Hemmecke: Geometric view on learning Bayesian network structures. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 51 (2010), n. 5, pp. 578-586.

Abstract
We recall the basic idea of an algebraic approach to learning Bayesian network (BN) structure, namely to represent every BN structure by a certain (uniquely determined) vector, called the standard imset. The main result of the paper is that the set of standard imsets is the set of vertices (= extreme points) of a certain polytope. Motivated by the geometric view, we introduce the concept of the geometric neighborhood for standard imsets, and, consequently, for BN structures. Then we show it always includes the inclusion neighborhood, which was introduced earlier in connection with the greedy equivalence search (GES) algorithm. The third result is that the global optimum of an affine function over the polytope coincides with the local optimum relative to the geometric neighborhood. To illustrate the new concept by an example, we describe the geometric neighborhood in the case of three variables and show it differs from the inclusion neighborhood. This leads to a simple example of the failure of the GES algorithm if data are not ``generated" from a perfectly Markovian distribution. The point is that one can avoid this failure if the search technique is based on the geometric neighborhood instead. We also found out what is the geometric neighborhood in the case of four and five variables.

AMS classification 68T30, 62H05

Keywords
learning Bayesian networks
standard imset
inclusion neighborhood
geometric neighborhood
GES algorithm

A pdf version of the published paper (402kB) is already open-access available.
A related document is also an earlier web page prepared by J. Vomlel, named Geometric neighborhood for Bayesian network structures .., from which one can download text files describing the geometric neighborhood in the case three, four, and five variables. These files were results of computations by J. Vomlel and R. Hemmecke.

The paper comes from (and extends substantially) the observations in the conference paper:

Thus, like the original conference paper, the paper refers to results from the following publications: